Society & Welfare
Welfare and Development Programmes
Welfare and Development Programmes — Quick Revision
One-page CGPSC quick revision for Welfare and Development Programmes — central and Chhattisgarh schemes, women and child development, evaluation concepts.
This one-page sheet covers central welfare schemes, Chhattisgarh’s schemes, women and child development, and the concepts used to evaluate schemes. Every figure is as of 2026. For explanations, read Central Welfare Schemes, Chhattisgarh Welfare Schemes, Women and Child Development and Evaluating Welfare Schemes.
How to use this sheet
Scan top to bottom the week before Mains. Bold lines are the facts and concepts examiners return to most often. Always write “as of 2026” next to amounts and coverage figures.
Timeline / Key Facts
Architecture of central welfare
| Fact | Detail |
|---|---|
| Constitutional basis | DPSP Art 38, 39, 41, 42, 45, 46, 47; Art 21 (right to food litigation, PUCL, from 2001) |
| Central Sector vs CSS | 100% Centre, centrally run (PM-KISAN) vs shared, State-run (PMAY-G, JJM, Poshan 2.0) |
| CM Sub-Group on CSS | Set up 9 March 2015; core of the core (6 social protection umbrellas), core 60:40 (90:10 NE/Himalayan), optional 50:50; max 30 schemes |
| DBT | From 1 January 2013; JAM (Jan Dhan + Aadhaar + Mobile; Economic Survey 2014–15) |
Flagship central schemes
| Scheme | Key fact |
|---|---|
| NFSA 2013 | 75% rural / 50% urban; 5 kg per person; AAY 35 kg per household; eldest woman head |
| PMGKAY | Free NFSA grain since 1 Jan 2023; extended 5 years from 1 Jan 2024 |
| PM-JAY | 23 Sept 2018; ₹5 lakh per family per year; all 70+ from 29 Oct 2024 (Vay Vandana card) |
| PMAY-G | 1 April 2016; ₹1.20 lakh plains / ₹1.30 lakh hilly-IAP; 2 crore more by 2028–29 |
| SBM | 2 Oct 2014; rural ODF declared 2 Oct 2019; Phase II ODF Plus |
| JJM | Announced 15 Aug 2019; about 15.8 of 19.36 crore rural households with taps (early 2026); extended to Dec 2028 |
| Ujjwala | 1 May 2016, Ballia; LPG in women’s names |
| VB-G RAM G Act 2025 | Replaced MGNREGA from 1 July 2026; 125 days; 60-day farm pause; 60:40 |
| PM-JANMAN | 15 Nov 2023; PVTGs (Baiga, Kamar, Pahadi Korwa, Birhor, Abujhmaria in CG) |
Chhattisgarh’s welfare phases
| Phase | Signature schemes |
|---|---|
| 2003–2018 | PDS Control Order 2004; cheap rice 2007; CG Food Security Act, 21 Dec 2012 (first State law) |
| 2018–2023 | Suraji Gaon 2019; Haat Bazaar Clinic and Suposhan Abhiyan 2 Oct 2019; Kisan Nyay 21 May 2020; Godhan Nyay 20 July 2020 |
| From Dec 2023 | Mahtari Vandan (₹1,000/month, from 10 Mar 2024); Krishak Unnati (₹3,100/quintal, up to 21 qtl/acre); Niyad Nellanar (15 Feb 2024); landless ₹10,000/year (20 Jan 2025); tendu ₹5,500/standard bag; Charan Paduka (29 June 2025) |
| PMAY-G push | First cabinet, 14 Dec 2023: 18,12,743 families |
| State health assurance | Shaheed Veer Narayan Singh Ayushman Swasthya Yojana (renamed June 2024 from Dr. Khubchand Baghel scheme): ₹5 lakh AAY/priority, ₹50,000 others |
| Mahtari Vandan scale | 31st instalment (25 Aug 2026): about 67.3 lakh women, about ₹631 crore; cumulative about ₹18,806 crore by July 2026 |
| Free rice | 67.92 lakh cards, Jan 2024–Dec 2028 |
Women and child development
| Fact | Detail |
|---|---|
| Three missions (2021–22) | Saksham Anganwadi and Poshan 2.0; Mission Shakti; Mission Vatsalya |
| ICDS / POSHAN Abhiyaan | 2 Oct 1975 / 8 March 2018, Jhunjhunu |
| Anganwadi | About 13.9 lakh centres; six services; Poshan Tracker (1 March 2021) |
| Sambal | One Stop Centre “Sakhi” (1 April 2015), 181 helpline, BBBP (22 Jan 2015, Panipat), Nari Adalat |
| Samarthya | PMMVY, Shakti Sadan, Sakhi Niwas, Palna creches |
| PMMVY | ₹5,000 first child; ₹6,000 second child only if a girl |
| Mission Vatsalya | JJ Act 2015 (2021 amendment: DMs issue adoption orders); 1098 |
| 106th Amendment 2023 | One-third seats for women in LS and Assemblies after post-census delimitation |
| CG sex ratio / CSR | 991 / 969 (Census 2011) |
| CG NFHS-5 | Stunting 34.6%, wasting 18.9%, underweight 31.3%, women’s anaemia 60.8% |
| CG Kanya Vivah | ₹50,000 per daughter (from April 2023) |
| CG panchayats | 50% seats for women (2008 amendment) |
Evaluation concepts
| Concept | Key point |
|---|---|
| Exclusion vs inclusion error | Poor left out vs non-poor included |
| CCT vs UCT | JSY, PMMVY vs PM-KISAN, Mahtari Vandan |
| Output vs outcome | Houses built vs lower stunting |
| Social audit | Gram Sabha; Section 17 of MGNREGA |
| DMEO | NITI Aayog, 2015 |
| Freebies | Subramaniam Balaji (2013): not a corrupt practice; Upadhyay PIL (2022): larger bench; SC (2026): largesse ≠ welfare investment |
| TIDES | Targeting, Instrument, Delivery, Effect, Sustainability |
Don’t Confuse
| This | vs | That |
|---|---|---|
| Central Sector: 100% Centre | vs | CSS: shared, State-run |
| MGNREGA (2005–2026): Centre paid all unskilled wages | vs | VB-G RAM G (from 1 July 2026): 60:40 |
| PM-JAY: ₹5 lakh per family | vs | CG State scheme: ₹5 lakh AAY/priority, ₹50,000 others |
| POSHAN Abhiyaan (2018, anganwadi) | vs | PM POSHAN (2021, school meals) |
| Sambal (safety) | vs | Samarthya (empowerment) |
| PMMVY (Centre, maternity) | vs | Mahtari Vandan (State, monthly to married women 21+) |
| Sex ratio 991 | vs | Child sex ratio 969 |
| Kisan Nyay (2020, per acre) | vs | Krishak Unnati (2024, gap to ₹3,100 per quintal) |
| NFHS-5 (independent survey) | vs | State “children freed from malnutrition” figures (anganwadi data) |
Favourite traps
Three things go wrong most often: writing MGNREGA as the current rural work scheme in 2026 (it was replaced by the VB-G RAM G Act from 1 July 2026); reading PM-JAY as ₹5 lakh per person (it is per family); and claiming Mahtari Vandan has proven effects on nutrition or empowerment (no independent evaluation was available as of 2026).
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